Islamism and Liberal Democracy: An Analysis of Electoral Politics of Jama’at-i-Islam Pakistan (1970-1997)

Abstract

The intersection of Islamism and liberal democracy presents a complex phenomenon in contemporary politics. The foundational principles of both ideologies often appear incompatible within the political framework of Muslim states and societies. Islamism comprises four interconnected components: religious ideology, a comprehensive interpretation of Islam, the pursuit of global influence, and the utilization of 'all means' to achieve its ultimate objectives. Conversely, the core tenets of liberalism include individualism, freedom or liberty, human reason, equality, toleration or forbearance, consent, and constitutionalism.The Jama’at-i-Islami of Pakistan (JIP), founded by Maulana Abul Ala Mawdoodi, is grounded in his concept of Political Islam or Islamism. The JIP has consistently striven to gain electoral traction and implement its ideological agenda through parliamentary means. However, the existing electoral system in Pakistan is deeply rooted in liberal democracy, presenting a paradox in relation to the ideological principles and organizational structure of the JI.This research paper seeks to unravel the dichotomy inherent in the JI's ideological principles, which are rooted in Islamism, when juxtaposed with the liberal democratic electoral politics of the JIP.